Tuesday, 15 April 2014

Definitions

Distribution and Marketing
Distribution means to spread the product throughout the marketplace such that a large number of people can buy it.

Exhibition
Showing films in cinemas or on DVD. Media attention through opening nights and premieres How the audience can see the film: in cinemas, at home, on DVD, through downloads, through television, including premieres, the box office take in the opening weeks; audience reviews which includes those of the film critics, ordinary people, cinemas runs; awards in festivals, The Oscars, BAFTAS, etc.

Exchange
The unintended use of an institution’s media text by other people who use the film or parts of it to form new texts. What happens to a film, etc. after the public get their hands on it using digital technology.

Synergy
The interaction of two or more agents to ensure a larger effect than if they acted independently. This is beneficial for each company through efficiencies in expertise and costs.

Vertical and Horizontal Integration
Absorption into a single firm of several firms involved in all aspects of a product's manufacture from raw materials to distribution.

Media Convergence
Convergence of media occurs when multiple products come together to form one product with the advantages of all of them. 
Technological Convergence
It is the growing interactive use of digital technology in the film industry and media which enables people to share, consume and produce media that was difficult or impossible just a few years earlier.
A Mainstream Film
A high budget film that would appeal to most segments of an audience: the young, boys, girls, teenagers, young people, the middle aged, older people, the various classes in society. Distributors often spend as much or more than the film cost to make when distributing mainstream films that are given wide or universal releases.

An Indie Film
An independent film is a professional film production resulting in a feature film that is produced mostly or completely outside of the major film studio system. In addition to being produced and distributed by independent entertainment companies, independent films are also produced and/or distributed by subsidiaries of major film studios. Independent films are sometimes distinguishable by their content and style and the way in which the filmmakers' personal artistic vision is realized. Usually, but not always, independent films are made with considerably lower film budgets than major studio films.

Art House Film
A low budget independent film that would mostly appeal to an educated, higher class audience who follow unusual genres or like cult directors that few people have heard of. Therefore it is usually aimed at a niche market. Foreign films often come under this category. 
Ratings Body
How your institutions films are rated will affect audiences in so far as WHO can see them. Remember that sex scenes, offensive language, excessive violence, the use of profanity, etc. can affect the rating and certificate the film receives and therefore affect who is able to see the film. 
Viral Marketing
A marketing technique aiming at reproducing "word of mouth" usually on the internet and through existing social networks. YouTube Video pastiches, trailers, interviews with cast members, the director, writer, etc. You can find interviews of “the talent” trying to gain publicity for your case study films on YouTube.
Guerrilla Marketing
The use of unconventional and low cost marketing strategies to raise awareness of a product. The aim is usually to create “buzz” and “word of mouth” around a film. Unusual stunts to gain publicity on the film’s opening weekend, etc.

Case Study- Warp

Warp Films is an independent film production company based in the UK in Sheffield and London. There is also Warp Films Australia located in Melbourne linked with Warp Films.

Warp Films was established by Warp Records founding partners Rob Mitchell and Steve Beckett.

Warp Films is known for producing short films and films on low budgets with quick turn arounds.

One of Warp Films biggest successes was This Is England Released in 2006 directed by Shane Meadows.

Case Study- Working Title

Working Title Films is a British Film production company based in London in the UK. Working Title is currently owned by Universal Studios and Magnolia Pictures and has been since 2013, it was founded by Tim Bevan and Sarah Radclyffe in 1983. It has been co-chaired by Tim Bevan and Eric Fellner since 1992.

Working Title has made over 100 films making over $6 billion worldwide; they have won 10 Academy Awards, 35 BAFTA Awards and Film Festival Prizes.

Working Title have collaberated with many filmakers including Richard Curtis and Edgar Wright; they have also worked with and continue to use actors/actresses inlcuding Simon Pegg, Nick Frost, Colin Firth, Hugh Grant, Keira Knightly and Emma Thompson.

Films Working Title have made include, Nanny McPhee, Hot Fuzz, Sixty Six, Elizabeth, Mr Beans Holiday, Wild Child, Paul, Johnny English, The Worlds End, I Give It A Year, About Time and Les Miserable.

A future film being made by Working Title is Everest about a hiking expedition on Mount Everest interupted by a snow storm being released in 2015.

Due to Working Title being a British company most of the films they make have British Narrative and Actors/Actresses in order to appeal to the British Audience in an attempt for them to be able to compete witht the American Film Industry.

Case Study- Film 4

Film4 was started in 1982 and was originally known as Film4 Productions; it has backed a large variety and amount of films not only in the UK but around the world. Film4 is owned by the Channel Four TV Corporation.

Film4s first production was released in 1982 written by Stephen Frears called Walter.

In 2002 Channel Four had to reduce its budget from £30 million to £10 million because of an increasing amount of money lost caused by the Film4 representing British Film trying to compete with Hollywood.

In 2006 the name Film 4 Productions was introduced due to the relaunch of the FilmFour broadcast channel as Film4.

Film4 is made up of many people each with a different job role in order to ensure the organisation is able to run efficiently:

Tessa Ross: Controller: Film and Drama
Sue Bruce Smith: Head of Commercial and Brand Strategy
Sam Lavender: Commissioning Executive
Rose Garnett: Head of Development
Anna Higgs: Commissioning Executive
Eva Yates: Development Editor
Polly Stokes: Development Editor
Tom Leggett: Development Editor
Tracey Josephs: Head of Production
Gerardine O' Flynn: Production Finance Manager Film4 & Comedy
Fiona Lamptey: Production Manager
Geraldine Atlee: Head of Legal & Business Affairs, Film4 and Scripted
Harry Dixon: Head of Legal and Business Affairs
Louise Long: Senior Legal & Business Affairs Executive
Don McNicholl: Legal & Business Affairs Executive
Lyndsey Honour: Publicity Manager
Hannah Saunders: Brand and Marketing Executive
Celine Coulson: Executive Assistant
Ben Coren: Development Coordinator
Pollyanna Cheung: Assistant to Deputy Head of Film4 and Commissioning Executive
Amy Collin: Commercial and Brand Strategy Assistant
Hannah Price: Development Assistant Intern
Film4 have worked on Films including The Iron Lady, The Inbetweeners Movie, Attack the Block and Slumdog Millionaire.

A future film Film4 will be working on is the sequel to the first Inbetweeners Movie; Inbetweeners 2.

A large percentage of the Films Film4 works on are British Film; this means that the films have British Narrative and Actors/Actresses because Film4 is a British organisation attempting to compete with the American Film Industry.

Thursday, 20 March 2014

Institutions and Audiences

I am taking my AS Media exam on institutions and audiences on May 23rd. I am going to put my revision work onto this blof to help me with this exam.